Mold for making castings



sept. 1, 1925. A A 1,552,245

J. s. rHoMPsbN HOLD FOR MAKING CASTINGS Filed July 21,' 1924 l 1.9 /f/m Patented Sept. 1, 1925.

'TAMES S. THOMPSON, OF PELHAM, NEWYORK.

MoLn ron MAKING CASTINGS. Y

Application filed July 21, 1.924. Serial No. 727,100.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JAMES S. THOMPSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pelham, in the county of Vestchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds for Making Castings, of which the following is a specification.

The obj ect of this invention is to improve and facilitate the manufacture of castings in permanent molds by .venting the mold in a novel manner to permit the escape of gases during the casting operation.

Another object of the invention is to dispose of vent openings in a manner which will permit the free escape of gases, but which will prevent the flow of molten metal thereinto under any ordinary conditions of casting.

And a further object of the invention is to construct the vent openings in a manner which will avoid damage to the mold or to the casting, or interfere with the opening of the mold in event that the metal should run into the venting opening.

The objects of the invention will be more particularly pointed out hereinafter in 'connection with the detail description thereof in these specifications. The invention is especially adapted for and useful in connection with the manufacture of brake shoes, and for that reason I have selected this embodiment for illustration in the accompanying drawings, referring to which 4 ig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a brake shoe mold wherein the mold cavity is faced with refractory material.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig..1.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view kof a metal mold.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on the line 1 -4: of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings, the mold comprises a drag 5 and a cope 6 having a mold cavity 7 and a pouring gate 8. In Figs. 1 and 2 the mold cavity has a facing of refractory material 9, which is shown in a form found to be satisfactory for this purpose; but I do not wish to be understood as limiting or restricting my invention to this or any other style of mold or to this or any other particular construction and arrangement of refractory material, because it will be apparent as the invention is better understood that it can be embodied in a variety of ltokbe readily understood.

back by a sand proper position in the mold cavity for em-v lbedment 1n the shoe by any vsuitable means;

` forcing back or the lug,

molds for making a great many different castings. I have simply selected these types for illustration andto enable my invention A reinforcing back 10 with an attaching lug 11 supported in proper relation to the core 12 may be secured in and as one meanswhich may be satisfactoril y employed I have shown a wire device having a hooked end 13 to engage the back, and a deformed shank 1 4 which is arranged in an opening 15 in the cope and frictionally engages the wall of the opening to hold the back unit in place in the mold cavity. I preferably employ two of these holding devices, as shown in Fig. 1. i

I provide in the cope a vent opening 16 which extends from the top of the lug through the top of the cope, and I also provide one or more vent openings 17 which extend from the top of the reinforcing back through the top of the cope. These openings Y taper from their inner ends to their outer ends, being larger at their inner ends, as shown. For some castings more vent openings will be desirable than for others, and this is also true with respect to the molds and will be determined largely by practical experience. I have found, however, that when a part of the insert, either the reincovers the inner end of the vent opening, the gases will escape run into said opening. In the manufacture of brake shoes it has been found that when the backiunitis properly supported in the mold, the metal'will not run over the back metal does run up into the vent opening, itv

will easily pull outy of the opening when the mold is open or the casting is removed from the cope.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a metal mold without the refractory facing, but with a refractory plug 18 located in an opening 19 through the opening but the metal will not l chance that the metal will ever in the cope, and shaped to receive` the back In 'this constructiony theV unit, as shown. vent openings 17 extend through the refractory plug.

It Will be understood'that'the vent'opening may be placed at lany convenient or desirable location Where the inner end thereof Will be covered, but preferably the vent opening' is located at the highest -point ofk the mol-d cavity. In molds for. making large iiiill, asvbefore stated,

floiv ofmetal yintothe vent opening under usual casting conditions; butivhere the inl nerend of the vent opening canV belocated Vat or about a l.level ivitlithe pouring gate 1it -Will not be necessary that the vento-penshould bey covered because there Will be ,little chance.` of metalv iiowing into the Vent opening, and does floiv ltherein A WillA not become locked in the opening, but "will freely pull-out when the' mold is opened or When l thercasting Wis. removed 'from the cope. Illierefore,l itivill be understood that While itY may Ybeniiore satisfactoryfto have the inner end ofthevent opening. covered, fIfdo not deem it/absolutely essential in all ,cases,` and I believe this Will blereadily understood byA those skilled in the art. y

`Iliave shownt and Adescribedthe cope as provided Withopenings l5 to receive the devices 14 foi holding in--place inthe mold Icavity the insei'tto be embedded in the cast-k A ing, these openings beingseparate and apart from the ventopeiiiings,i but in many molds it may be foundl convenient to combine these openings inthe form ofy a vent opening, in which case itjiiiould be Adesirable to enlarge ,thev vent. openingsuflicient to compensate.v for the obstruction',afforded by the hoidingv device, sof that'a` sufiicient'A vent would bel pro- .vided in actual use.. g Y K Iv do not Wish to rbe understood aslimuiting or restrictingthe invention to molds lof any kind, size orfshape, because it Will .be readily understood that the invention may be used in any mold to which it is or f may be adapted, and therefore lI consider myself-entitled to make all suoli changes in the form, construction, locationl and ar- ;rangem'ent of the invention, as vfairly'fall rin the accompanying claims. 1 Y

I claim f vthrough, an insert arranged in l. A permanent mold for making castings comprising a drag and a cope, said cope having a continuous opening extending therethrough for venting the mold cavity and larger atvits inner end than at its outer end.,

2. A permanent mold for making castings comprising a drag and a cope, said cope having an opening therein, and a refractory plug in said opening, said plug havinga vent opening extending therethrough.

3. A perinai'nent inold for `making 'castings comprising a drag and a cope, said said opening, said plug having a vent `ovigiening extending therethrough and larger at yitsinner'end than at its outerend.V

permanent mold for castings comprising-a drag and a copeliaving Vammold cavity therein, and an insert arranged in said mold eavity'for embedinent in: the casting, said y'cope having a vent opening extending therethrough'ivhose inner end.

is covered` by said insert.

5. In a permanent. mold for making casthaving a mold cavity therein, said cope having -a vent yopening extending therecavity over the inner end of said vent4 opening for embedinent in the casting, vand meansy for holding the insert vinV thev mold. 6. In a permanent Amold for castingI brake shoes, the. combination of a dra-gend ajcope,

an insert comprising alug'fo'r embedment in. the cast-ing, .and means` for holding the insert in proper position in the `mold cavity, said cope `having a vent opening therein Y Whose inner end lis covered by said lug..

.'Z. "In a permanent mold for casting brake shoes, the combination ofa drag'and'afcope, an insert cohpiisiniga reinforcing back for einb-edmentin the casting, and means for holding the'insert in proper position in the mold cavity, said. mold having a vent opening therein Whose inner. end is covered by said reinforcing back. f

8. In a permanent.` mold for casting brake shoes, the combination of'a dragand afcope having a' mold cavity therein, 'anfinse'rt-'for embedment Vin thev castingy and Comprising a reinforcing backend an attaching lug, and means for holding cavity,.said cope liavingfventopenings eX- tending therethrough Whose inner ends are covered by saidback andlug,

9. permanent mold for=making castings having arnold cavity. therein andatav pering opening for. venting .the mold rcavity andextending from the .mold cavity'xtof an Y.outer Wallof theV inoldfaiidlarger at Yits linner end than at its outer end..

- .minis s. rnoiirson.

said mold l said 'insert in the mold cope having an opening therein,'anld a reimi 

